Increase apple production with modern and scientific techniques : Dr Satish Sharma

Apple crops in various high-altitude regions of Himachal Pradesh are currently entering the blooming stage, which is considered a highly sensitive and crucial phase of the entire production cycle. This period involves pollination, fruit set, and initial fruit development, which directly impact production, fruit size, quality, and market value. For this, timely, scientific management and caution are essential.
In a special interview, a horticulture expert from the Department of Horticulture explained that under current weather conditions, low temperatures, persistent rainfall, cloudy skies, and low bee activity in many areas are likely to impact natural pollination. Therefore, gardeners are advised to adopt hand pollination techniques to ensure fruit set, a scientifically proven and effective method.
They state that selecting suitable and compatible pollinator varieties is crucial for hand pollination. Varieties such as Golden Delicious, Red Golden, Granny Smith, Challenger, Snowdrift, and Manchurian can be used for this purpose. Afterward, the anthers are removed from the flowers and dried in a clean, shady location at 20 to 25 degrees Celsius for 24 to 48 hours, allowing the pollen to release spontaneously. The pollen obtained is filtered and cleaned and stored in a cool, dry place (like a refrigerator) as needed. Hand pollination should be performed during the full flowering stage, when the flower’s stigma is sticky and suitable for pollen reception. Gardeners can use a brush, cotton swab, or a special pollen applicator for pollination.
Horticulture experts stated that, in addition to manual pollination, it is crucial to promote natural pollination. For this, a sufficient number of bee boxes should be installed in orchards. Generally, 5-8 bee boxes per hectare are sufficient. Gardeners can obtain bee boxes as per their needs from the apiculture officers of the Horticulture Department. Active bee activity significantly improves pollination quality and fruit set.
Director of the Horticulture Department, Dr. Satish Sharma, also advised orchardists not to use unnecessary pesticides during this period, so as not to adversely affect the activities of bees and other pollinating insects. Furthermore, irrigation, nutrition, and pest management should be conducted according to scientific advice. He appealed to all orchardists in the state to increase apple production by adopting modern and scientific techniques. For more information, contact your nearest Horticulture Department office.